Unit 1: Introduction

Overview of Cyber Security, History of the Internet, The CIA Triad (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability), Reasons for Cyber Crime, Importance of Cyber Security, Types and Characteristics of Cybercriminals

Classification of Cyber Crimes, Overview of Cyber Laws, The Indian IT Act Cybercrime and Its Punishments

Unit 2: Cyber Attacks and Defense Mechanisms

Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP), Threats and Vulnerabilities in Cyber Attacks, Types of Malicious Attacks, Common Attack Vectors, Social Engineering Attacks, Wireless Network Attacks, Web Application Attacks, Tools Used in Cyber Attacks, Defensive Countermeasures

Unit 3: Cyber Reconnaissance Techniques

Introduction to Reconnaissance, Definition and Importance, Reconnaissance in the Cyber Attack Lifecycle, Passive Reconnaissance: Overview, Harvester Tool, Whois Lookup, Netcraft Tool, Active Reconnaissance: Overview, Nmap (Network Mapper), Ping Sweeps, Traceroute, Extracting Information from DNS, Extracting Information from Email Servers, Social Engineering Reconnaissance, Scanning Techniques: Port Scanning, Network Scanning, Vulnerability Scanning

Unit 4: Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)

Host-Based Intrusion Detection, Network-Based Intrusion Detection, Distributed or Hybrid Intrusion Detection, Intrusion Detection Exchange Format, Honeypots

Unit 5: Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)

Definition and Importance of IPS, Need for Firewalls, Types of Firewalls: Packet Filtering Firewalls, Stateful Inspection Firewalls, Proxy Firewalls, Firewall Placement and Configuration, Common IPS Techniques: Signature-Based Detection, Anomaly-Based Detection, Policy-Based Detection, Heuristic Detection.